Zvigadzirwa zvePVC zvakapfava zvine zvimwe zvinhu zveplasticizer. Aya mapurasitiki anozotama, kuburitsa uye kunyungudika kune akasiyana madhigirii panguva yechipiri kugadzirisa uye kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa. Kurasikirwa kweplasticizer hakuzongodzikisi kuita kwePVC zvigadzirwa, asi zvakare kusvibisa pamusoro pezvigadzirwa uye vanobatika. Zvakanyanya kukosha, zvichaunza nhevedzano yezvinetso kune zvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwevanhu. Naizvozvo, kutama uye kubviswa kweplasticizer kwave chipingamupinyi chikuru chinorambidza kushandiswa kwakakura kwezvinhu zvinyoro zvePVC.

MuPVC system, yakaderera density oxidized polyethylene wakisi inogona kuiswa mupurasitiki pamberi penguva, uye inozotevera torque inoderedzwa. Iyo ine yakanakisa mukati nekunze lubrication. Inogona kuvandudza kupararira kwemavara, kupa zvigadzirwa kupenya kwakanaka uye nekuvandudza kugadzirwa kwakanaka.

Migumisiro yakaipa yeplasticizer migration uye kubvisa
1. Kana kutama uye kubviswa kweplasticizer muPVC kwakakomba, zvigadzirwa zvichachinja zvikuru, zvichiita kuti zvinyorove, tackiness uye kunyange kuputika kwepamusoro kwezvigadzirwa. Iyo precipitates kazhinji inokonzeresa kusvibiswa kwechigadzirwa uye inokanganisa kugadziridzwa kwechipiri kwezvigadzirwa. Semuyenzaniso, mamorekuru eplasticizer ari muPVC asingapindi mvura akaputirwa zvinhu anotama, uye PVC isina plasticizer inodzikira nekuoma, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukukundikana kwekushanda kwemvura. Kana zvigadzirwa zvePVC zvakapfava zvakanamirwa neyakajairwa-based adhesive, iyo plasticizer mukati mezvigadzirwa kazhinji inotamira kune bonding layer, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwakanyanya kwesimba rekubatanidza, zvichikonzera matambudziko senge isina kusimba bonding kana degumming. Kana zvigadzirwa zvePVC zvakapfava zvakaputirwa kana kupendwa, ivo vanosanganawo nedambudziko rekuputira kana pendi layer inodonha nekuda kwekubviswa kweplasticizer. PVC kudhinda, plasticizer extraction ibasa guru muinki uye kudhinda kugadzira indasitiri.
2, Mukuita kwekunaya kweplasticizer muPVC, zvimwe zvikamu, senge pigment granules, flavour, antistatic agents uye stabilizers, zvichaburitswa. Nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwezvinhu izvi, izvo zvemuviri zvePVC zvigadzirwa zvichadzikira, uye zvimwe zvivakwa zvinotorasikirwa. Mvura iyi inosvibisa zvakare nekuparadza zvinhu zviri pedyo nazvo. Kana zvinyoro zvePVC uye zvigadzirwa zvepolystyrene zvakaiswa pamwechete, iyo plasticizer yakatama kubva kuPVC inokanganisa mashandiro ezvigadzirwa zvepolystyrene uye kukonzera kupfava kwezvigadzirwa zvepolystyrene.
Chimiro cheplasticizer kurasikirwa
Plasticizers, kunze kwepolyester uye mamwe akakwira molecular uremu plasticizers, ari organic madiki mamorekuru zvinhu. Kana dzawedzerwa kuPVC, hadzina polymerized paPVC polymer cheni, asi dzakasanganiswa nePVC mamorekuru nehydrogen bond kana van der Waals simba kuchengetedza yavo yakazvimirira makemikari zvimiro.
Apo iyo PVC yakapfava inosangana neyakagadziriswa yepakati (gasi chikamu, chikamu chemvura uye chikamu chakasimba) kwenguva yakareba, plasticizer ichagadziriswa zvishoma nezvishoma kubva kuPVC uye kupinda mukati. Zvinoenderana neakasiyana ekuonana midhiya, mafomu ekurasikirwa eplasticizer anogona kukamurwa kuita volatilization kurasikirwa, kurasikirwa kwekubvisa uye kurasikirwa kwekutama.
Nzira yekurasikirwa kweplasticizer volatilization, kubviswa uye kutama kunosanganisira matanho matatu ekutanga:
(1) Plasticizer inopararira kusvika mukati mepamusoro;
(2) Nzvimbo yemukati inoshanduka kuita "recumbent" mamiriro;
(3) Kupararira kure nepamusoro.

Kurasikirwa kweplasticizer kune hukama neyayo mamorekuru chimiro, huremu hwemamorekuru, kuenderana nepolymer, yepakati, nharaunda uye zvimwe zvinhu. Iyo volatilization yeplasticizer inonyanya kuenderana nehuremu hwayo hwemamorekuru uye ambient tembiricha, iyo inoburitsa inonyanya kuenderana nekunyungudika kweplasticizer mukati, uye kufamba kwacho kunoenderana nekuenderana kweplasticizer nePVC. Kupararira kweplasticizer muPVC kunogona kuitwa pasi pemamiriro epolymer uye svikiro isingapindi mupolymer, kana pasi pemamiriro epakati anozopinda mupolymer. Shanduko dzakasiyana uye maitiro epolymer pamusoro zvinokanganisa kupararira kweplasticizer. Iko kusanganisa kumeso kweplasticizer inzira yakaoma, ine hukama nekudyidzana kwepakati, PVC polymer uye plasticizer.
Kufurira zvinhu zvekutama kweplasticizer nekubvisa
1. Huremu hwema molecular huremu uye chimiro chemamorekuru cheplasticizer
Iyo yakakura kuenzana kwema molecular huremu hweplasticizer, iyo yakakura huwandu hwemapoka ari mumorekuru, zvinonyanya kuoma kwavari kuti vapararire muPVC yepurasitiki, zvishoma zvingangosvika pamusoro, uye kuderedza mukana wekutora uye kutama. Kuti uve nekusimba kwakanaka, zvinodikanwa kuti hukama hwema molecular huremu hweplasticizer hunopfuura 350. Polyesters uye phenylpolyacid esters (senge trimellitic acid esters) mapurasitiki ane huremu hwema molecular huremu hunopfuura 1000 vane durability yakanaka kwazvo.
2. Tembiricha yezvakatipoteredza
Kukwirisa tembiricha yezvigadzirwa zvePVC, kunowedzera kusimba kweBrownian kufamba kwemamorekuru, uye kukura kwesimba pakati pemamorekuru eplasticizer nePVC macromolecules, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuti mamorekuru eplasticizer apararire kune chigadzirwa uye kupinda mukati. svikiro.
3. Plasticizer content
Kazhinji, iyo yakakwirira yezvinyorwa zveplasticizer mufomula, iyo yakawanda yeplasticizer mamorekuru muPVC yePlastiki uye mamwe mamorekuru epurasitiki pachigadzirwa. Iyo yakanyanya nyore iyo plasticizer inobatwa neiyo yekusangana svikiro uye yakabviswa kana kutama, uye ipapo mukati meplasticizer mamorekuru anoyerera uye anowedzera kubva kune yakakwira concentration kusvika kune yakaderera yepasi. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yakawanda diki uye yepakati-saizi plasticizers muPVC, iyo yakakura mukana wekumwe kudhumhana uye chiito pakati peplasticizer mamorekuru, kuitira kuti iite simba rekusunga pakati pemamwe mamorekuru eplasticizer nePVC macromolecules uye kuita kufamba kwavo uye kupararira mukati. PVC iri nyore. Naizvozvo, mune imwe nhanho, kuwedzera kweplasticizer zvemukati kunoita kuti plasticizer ive nyore kupararira.
4. Iyo yepakati
Kubviswa uye kutama kweplasticizer hakungobatanidzi chete nemidziyo yeplasticizer pachayo, asiwo yakabatana zvakanyanya nepakati inosangana. Iyo physicochemical properties yemvura yepakati inosangana neplasticized PVC ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru zvinokanganisa kubviswa kweplasticizer. General plasticizers ari nyore kutorwa nepeturu kana mafuta zvinonyungudutsa, asi zvakaoma kutorwa nemvura.
5. Nguva
Maererano nemabhuku, chiyero chekufamba kweDOP muPVC firimu inobatana nenguva. Padanho rekutanga rekutama, chiyero chinokurumidza. Iko kusungirirwa kweplasticizer kutamira kumusoro kune mutsara neskweya mudzi wekufamba kwenguva. Zvadaro, nekuwedzera kwenguva, chiyero chekutama chinoderera zvishoma nezvishoma uye chinosvika pakuenzanisa mushure meimwe nguva (720h kuruboshwe uye kurudyi).

Matanho ekugadzirisa kunaya uye kutama kwePVC plasticizer
1. Kuwedzera polyester plasticizer
Polyester plasticizer ine hukama hwakanaka neDOP uye mamwe madiki mamorekuru epurasitiki. Kana paine huwandu hwepolyester plasticizer muPVC plasticizer, inogona kukwezva nekugadzirisa mamwe maplasticizer kuti asapararira pamusoro pePVC zvigadzirwa, kuitira kuderedza uye kudzivirira kutama uye kubviswa kweplasticizer.
2. Kuwedzera nanoparticles
Kuwedzerwa kwe nanoparticles kunogona kuderedza kuparara kwekufamba kwekufamba muPVC yakapfava uye kuvandudza kushanda kwebasa uye hupenyu hwebasa rezvinyoro zvePVC. Kugona kweanoparticles akasiyana-siyana kurambidza kutama kweplasticizer kwakasiyana, uye mhedzisiro ye nano SiO2 iri nani pane iyo nano CaCO3.

3. Shandisa ionic zvinwiwa

Ionic fluid inogona kudzora tembiricha yegirazi yepolymer mune yakakura tembiricha renji. Iyo elastic modulus yechinhu chakawedzerwa neionic fluid yakaenzana neiyo kana DOP ichishandiswa seplasticizer. Ionic fluid inotsiva plasticizer nekuda kwekushomeka kwayo patembiricha yakakwira, kudonha kwakadzika uye kunaka kweUV kugadzikana.
4. Surface spraying inodzivirira coating
Coating a layer yezvinhu zvisingatami pa polymer surface kuderedza leaching uye kutama kwe plasticizer. Izvo zvisingabatsiri nzira iyi ndeyokuti inogona kuderedza kushanduka kwezvinhu. Nekudaro, zviedzo zvinoratidza kuti iyi tekinoroji yekuputira inogona kudzivirira zvinobudirira leaching yeplasticizer uye ine tarisiro yakakura yekushandisa mumunda wePVC yekurapa.
5. Surface correlation
Mumvura ine yakakodzera phase transfer catalyst, the plasticizer surface inogadziridzwa ne sodium sulfide. Pasi pechiito chechiedza, pamusoro pePVC zvigadzirwa zvinoumba network network, iyo inogona kunyatso kudzivirira kutama kweplasticizer. Iyo PVC yakapfava inobatwa neiyi nzira yakanyatsokodzera kushandiswa mune zvekurapa uye zvine chekuita nemichina.
6. Kugadziriswa kwepamusoro
Kubuda kweplasticizer mupolymer solution kunogona kudzorwa nekugadzirisa hunhu hwepolymer surface. Pakati peakawanda ekugadzirisa matekinoroji, kuisa mvura-inonyungudika polymer pamusoro ndeimwe yenzira huru.
Zvinokurudzirwa kuti nzira yekubatanidza PEG pamusoro pePVC yakapfava inofanira kushandiswa kuwedzera hydrophilicity ye substrate pamusoro, kuitira kuti inhibisa leaching ye plasticizer.
Pamusoro pezvo, kushandisa chikamu chekufambisa catalyst uye thiosulfate anion kutsiva maatomu eklorini muPVC mune aqueous solution system inogonawo kuwedzera pamusoro pehydrophilicity uye kudzivirira kudonha uye kutamiswa kweplasticizer mune zvakasiyana zvinonyungudutsa sehexane.
Mhedziso:
Kubviswa uye kutama kweplasticizer ndeimwe yematambudziko akakosha mukushandiswa kwezvakapfava PVC zvigadzirwa. Kana ikasagona kugadziriswa zvakanaka, haizongokanganisa mashandiro esevhisi uye mhedzisiro yezvakapfava PVC zvigadzirwa, asi zvakare zvinounza kumwe kukuvadza kunharaunda yekugara kwevanhu uye hutano hwevanhu. Naizvozvo, dambudziko iri rakwezva kutarisisa kwakawanda.
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